Abstract The Multidimensional Measure of Islamic Spirituality (MMS) is a 75-item psychological scale developed by Dasti and Sitwat (2014) to comprehensively assess various facets of Islamic spirituality and practice. Recognizing the complexity of religious commitment, the MMS moves beyond simple measures of religious observance to include intrinsic qualities, moral behaviors, and psychological tendencies that reflect an individual's relationship with Allah and their social environment. This instrument is structured around eight distinct factors, capturing positive attributes like Self-Discipline and Generosity, alongside potential negative tendencies such as Self-Aggrandizement and Intolerance, thereby providing a holistic measure relevant to Muslim mental health research. Keywords Islamic Spirituality, Psychometrics, Self-Discipline, Quest for Divinity, Religious Practices, Connectedness with Allah, Tolerance-Intolerance, Self-Aggrandizement, Muslim Mental Health Authors Dasti, Rabia; Sitwat, Aisha Purpose The primary purpose of the MMS is to provide a culturally informed and psychometrically sound instrument capable of measuring the multifaceted nature of Islamic spiritual life. The developers aimed to create a scale that accurately reflects both the virtuous traits (e.g., self-control, piety) and the non-virtuous behaviors (e.g., materialism, anger) that are addressed within the theological and moral framework of Islam. The scale addresses a gap in psychological literature by offering a nuanced, indigenous measure of spirituality that moves beyond Western conceptualizations, capturing dimensions central to the Muslim experience, such as the active pursuit of Divine knowledge and the practical application of Islamic ethics in daily life. Construct The MMS measures Islamic spirituality as a complex, multi-layered construct involving personal striving, theological relationship, and social conduct. The scale is composed of eight distinct factors, each representing a crucial dimension of an individual’s spiritual and moral life. These factors include both internal spiritual states and external behavioral manifestations, differentiating between core spiritual beliefs and related personality traits. The eight subscales measured by the MMS are: Self-Discipline (SD): Focuses on personal control, follow-through, and responsibility, reflecting the internal struggle against negative psychological tendencies. (Items 1-12) Quest and Search for Divinity (Q): Measures active cognitive and behavioral engagement in seeking knowledge about Allah and Islam, involving contemplation and study of the Qur’an and Sunnah. (Items 13-24) Anger & Expansive Behavior (A & E): Captures negative behavioral traits like swearing, excessive spending, and gossiping. (Items 25-33) Self-Aggrandizement (SA): Measures tendencies toward materialism, seeking praise, and feeling superior to others (e.g., Riya). (Items 34-43) Feeling of Connectedness with Allah (FC): Assesses the affective and experiential relationship with the Divine, including feelings of love, fear, hope, and the awareness of Divine presence. (Items 44-55) Meanness-Generosity (M-G): Reflects altruistic tendencies, willingness to help family and others, and the absence of envy or greed. (Items 56-64) Tolerance-Intolerance (TI): Measures the ability to forgive, resolve conflicts, and maintain relationships despite disagreements, reflecting patience (Sabr). (Items 65-71) Islamic Practices (IP): Measures adherence to core ritualistic acts (Namaz, Fasting, Zikr, Qur’an recitation). (Items 72-75) Validity The validity of the MMS was established through rigorous psychometric testing, utilizing factor analysis to confirm the structure. The use of a comprehensive item pool derived from Islamic theological concepts ensured strong content validity. The resulting eight-factor structure provides robust evidence for construct validity, demonstrating that the scale effectively measures the intended, complex, and multidimensional construct of Islamic spirituality as delineated by Dasti and Sitwat (2014). The distinction between factors like inner discipline, external practices, and negative psychological traits supports the scale's ability to differentiate between various components of religious life. Reliability Internal consistency and temporal stability were assessed for all subscales, yielding satisfactory results. The internal consistency, measured using Cronbach's Alpha, and the test-retest reliability coefficients (r) are summarized below, indicating high dependability for the instrument: Self-Discipline (SD): Alpha 0.68 and r 0.886. Quest and Search for Divinity (Q): Alpha 0.84 and r 0.956. Anger & Expansive Behavior (A & E): Alpha 0.79 and r 0.854. Self-Aggrandizement (SA): Alpha 0.79 and r 0.863. Feeling of Connectedness with Allah (FC): Alpha 0.84 and r 0.847. Meanness-Generosity (M-G): Alpha 0.74 and r 0.808. Tolerance-Intolerance (TI): Alpha 0.76 and r 0.742. Islamic Practices (IP): Alpha 0.71 and r 0.793. Factor Analysis The scale development employed Principal Components Analysis (PCA) to determine the underlying dimensional structure of Islamic spirituality. The factor analysis successfully identified and confirmed an eight-factor model, supporting the developers’ hypothesis that Islamic spirituality is not a unitary concept but a complex interplay of cognitive, affective, behavioral, and moral components. This eight-factor solution, which accounts for the variance in the 75 items, provides the empirical foundation for the MMS, ensuring that scoring reflects distinct aspects of the construct rather than collapsing them into a single score of religiousness. The item allocation to these factors is clearly defined, ranging from 4 items for Islamic Practices to 12 items for Self-Discipline and Feeling of Connectedness with Allah. Instrument Test Type: Self-report psychological scale. Format: 75 items, typically administered using a Likert-type response scale (specific anchors not provided in the source abstract). Items are distributed across eight subscales, with 31 items requiring reverse scoring (indicated by an asterisk in the item list). Language Available: English (published version). Population Group: Adult Muslim individuals. Age Group: Adults. Population Details: Developed for use primarily within Muslim populations where adherence to Islamic moral and spiritual guidelines is relevant to psychological assessment and counseling. The original research validation was conducted using a relevant sample of Muslim adults. Test Methodology: The scale uses psychometric methodology derived from empirical research, relying on internal consistency measures (Alpha) and test-retest reliability (r). The scoring yields eight distinct subscale scores, allowing researchers and clinicians to assess specific strengths and weaknesses in spiritual and moral development. Keywords Multidimensional Assessment, Self-Aggrandizement, Sunnah, Qur’an, Psychometrics, Reliability, Factor Analysis, Islamic Ethics Authors Author ORCID Identifier: Not provided in source content. Affiliation Email addresses: realistic_rabia@yahoo.com; sitwata786@yahoo.com Correspondence Address: Not provided in source content. Permissions & Fee and Test Year The MMS was developed and published in 2014 in the Journal of Muslim Mental Health. Information regarding specific usage fees or formal copyright permissions beyond standard academic citation is not detailed in the source abstract, but the instrument is publicly available through the academic journal repository. The original PDF article detailing the development of the scale can be downloaded here: Development of a Multidimensional Measure of Islamic Spirituality (MMS) PDF. Reference's Dasti. Rabia.‚ Sitwat‚ Aisha. (2014). Multidimensional Measure of Islamic Spirituality (MMS). Journal of Muslim Mental Health‚ 8(2); 47-67. Abu-Raiya‚ H. (2008). A psychological measure of Islamic religiousness: Evidence for relevance‚ reliability and validity. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion. 18(4)‚ 291–315. 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M.‚ Shamsuddin. K.‚ Kassim. K.‚ ‚Ismail. R.‚ et al. (2000). Hatta Islamic Religiosity Scale 1996 (HIRS96): A reliability and validity study. Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry‚ 8(1)‚ 5–14. Items of the Multidimensional Measure of Islamic Spirituality (MMS) IMPORTANT: The following scale items must be preserved in their original language and must not be changed in any way. I am unable to follow through a well–planned work. * I am unable to complete the work I set up for. * I feel sluggish in taking initiative in any work. * I find it hard to complete any responsibility that is entrusted to me. * I feel that despite exerting effort I am unable to keep my things in order. * I become indecisive if people are not in agreement with my plans. * The quality of my work is not in accord to my potential. * Because of disapproval from other people I am unable to follow a righteous act. * I am inconsistent. * I don’t have control over my sleep. * I find it hard to attempt something in which I have faced failure in the first attempt. * I am unable to fulfill my promises. * In order to form a bond with Allah‚ I sit alone. In order to form a bond with Allah‚ I contemplate on the working of the Universe. I feel an impulse to discover and know my Creator. I try to find out whether the prevailing cultural traditions are in accordance to Islam. In order to form a bond with Allah‚ I take assistance from Qur’anic Ayat (Verses) and Sunnah (prophetic way of life). In order to form a bond with Allah‚ I take help from scholars and religious/spiritual guides. I feel a close bond with Allah. I try to take assistance from Qur’an and Sunnah (prophetic way of life) in every aspect of life. One of the priority in my life is to know about myself. I feel that the purpose of my life is to form a bond with Allah. In order to form a bond with Allah‚ I exchange my ideas with my teachers /friends. In order to form a bond with Allah‚ I attend religious gatherings. When I am angry I swear. * When I swear‚ my anger dissipates. * If I don’t have money‚ I take a loan to buy things I like. * When I am with my friends‚ I make fun of others. * I enjoy making fun of others. * When I have money‚ I buy things that I really don’t need at that time. * I like to gossip. * If someone wrongs me then I take greater revenge from him/her. * When I am among my friends‚ I can’t resist talking about the negative aspects of somebody who is not present there. * I want to see myself at a social position so that people respect me. * I wish to get all those things which make me appear unique. * I want to see myself at a financial position so that people respect me. * I like doing things which earn me praise. * I think that if I have latest/new things with me‚ then I am an important and successful person. * A lot of shopping makes me feel happy. * I help people so that in times of need they also help me. * If I see something new/latest‚ I feel an urge to get it immediately. * I feel that because of my qualities I am better than most of the people. * I don’t find anything wrong in praising someone a little more than deserved if it helps me in getting my work done. * When I pray‚ I feel that Allah is listening to my prayer. I am proud to be a Muslim. When I am in any difficulty‚ I find help and assistance from Allah. I am hopeful that despite all my wrongdoing‚ Allah will forgive me. I feel that Allah is conversing with me through Qur’anic Ayat (Verses). I can feel the love of Allah. I can feel that Allah is observing all my acts. I can feel the fear of Allah in my heart. When I have to face any difficulty‚ I think it as a source from Allah for the strengthening of my faith. The feeling of Allah’s love has brought favorable change in my daily life. To me‚ it’s essential to strive to learn about Islam. I feel that the search for truth is possible. If there is a fight between my relatives/ friends‚ I try to resolve it. I convey my knowledge to others so that they can also benefit from it. If I have knowledge about anything‚ I don’t tell others because if I do they might excel past me. * I feel hesitance in meeting my poor relatives. * I try to help my parents in every possible way. When I see people in a better position than myself‚ my heart aches. * I try to help my poor relatives. 63 I like for others what I like for myself. Because of love for money‚ I am unable to help others. * I don’t like meeting people with whom I have disagreements. * I stop meeting people with whom I have serious disagreements. * I forgive people who have wronged me. I don’t feel at rest until I have avenged the wrong done to me. * An unpleasant feeling persists if I don’t have courage to avenge the person who wronged me. * I keep on thinking on how to avenge the person who wronged me. * While angry‚ I lose control over myself control. * 72 I say Namaz. I recite Qur’an. I do Zikr. I fast. *Represents items which needs to be reverse scored